What is Separation Anxiety?

What is an anxiety disorder?

An anxiety disorder is a psychiatric disorder characterised by feelings of fear, worry, and uneasiness. These feelings can be so intense that it interferes with a person's daily activities, including work, school, and relationships. Anxiety disorders are among the most common mental health conditions and can affect people of all ages.

Separation anxiety is a type of anxiety disorder that is characterised by excessive fear and distress in response to separation from a person or place that provides a sense of security or safety. This type of anxiety disorder is typically seen in young children, although it can occur in adults as well. Symptoms of separation anxiety disorder may include difficulty sleeping, excessive worry about the safety of loved ones, fear of being alone, and physical symptoms such as headaches or stomachaches.

What causes separation anxiety?
The exact causes of separation anxiety are not fully understood, but there are several theories that suggest potential causes. These include genetic factors, early experiences of separation, and disruptions in the attachment process between a child and their primary caregiver. Other potential contributing factors may include a traumatic event, changes in routine, or a history of being separated from loved ones.

Childhood separation anxiety

A real-life example of separation anxiety is a child who has difficulty separating from their parents or primary caregivers when starting school or daycare. The child may experience intense distress or fear when they are away from their parents and may cry or cling to them when they are separated. This type of anxiety may also manifest in physical symptoms, such as stomachaches or headaches. The child may also have difficulty sleeping or have excessive worries about their parents' safety when they are apart.

Do most children experience separation anxiety?

Most children experience some degree of separation anxiety when they are apart from their parents or primary caregivers. This is a normal part of development and typically peaks between the ages of 18 months and 3 years. However, for some children, the fear and distress associated with separation can be more intense and interfere with their daily activities. When this occurs, it may be a sign of a more serious condition, such as separation anxiety disorder. Some children may continue to experience separation anxiety into adulthood. This can be due to a number of factors, such as unresolved childhood issues, genetics, or traumatic events. Adults may also experience separation anxiety due to significant life changes, such as moving to a new city or starting a new job.

What are the signs of adult seperation anxiety?

1. A fear of being alone
2. Intense worry about loved ones
3. Constant fear of something bad happening to those you care about
4. Difficulty sleeping due to worrying
5. Difficulty concentrating due to worrying
6. Physical symptoms such as headaches, fatigue, increased heart rate, and muscle tension
7. Avoiding activities or places that could lead to being alone
8. Excessive need for reassurance from others
9. Difficulty forming or maintaining close relationships

What are the main causes of adult separation anxiety?
1. Having experienced a traumatic event or loss in the past
2. Having experienced childhood trauma or neglect
3. Having a mental health disorder such as depression or anxiety
4. Having a family history of separation anxiety
5. Experiencing a major life transition such as a move, job change, or relationship breakup
6. Having difficulty managing stress or dealing with difficult emotions
7. Developing an attachment to an object or person
8. Experiencing extreme feelings of loneliness or emptiness
9. Having unrealistic expectations of others

How do you treat separation anxiety?
Exercise can help adults to release energy they may have built up from anxiety, as well as distract them from their fear. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) can help adults to identify and change negative thought patterns that may be causing or exacerbating their anxiety. Relaxation techniques such as deep breathing, progressive muscle relaxation, and guided imagery can help adults to manage their anxiety. Mindfulness is a form of meditation that can help individuals to become more aware of their thoughts and feelings, allowing them to better manage their anxiety. If your anxiety is severe, consider seeking help from a qualified mental health professional.